INSERT INTO Firebird如何自动增加主键？
INSERT INTO Firebird如何自动增加主键？
对于我有的表格字段：
fstPriority VARCHAR(30), fstInfo VARCHAR(100), fstDateCreated VARCHAR(30), fstDateModified VARCHAR(30), fiKeyID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY INSERT INTO我有：
FbConnection fbConn = new FbConnection(stOpenConn)) fbConn.Open(); ... FbTransaction fbTransaction = fbConn.BeginTransaction(); FbCommand fbCmd = new FbCommand("INSERT INTO " + stTableName + "(" + stFieldNames + ") VALUES ( @p0, @p1, @p2, @p3, @p4 ) RETURNING fiKeyID ", fbConn, fbTransaction);
但我不确定fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue应该使用什么
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p0", "1st value"); fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p1", "2nd value"); fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p2", "3rd value"); fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p3", "4th value");
那又怎样？ 对于fiKeyID，我要添加吗？
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p4", "");
另外，我在http://www.firebirdfaq.org/faq29/上看到创建一个自动增量列，但我不确定如何在C＃中执行此操作… Firebird ADO.NET … FirebirdClient.5.8.0 … Visual Studio 2013。
CREATE GENERATOR ...; SET GENERATOR ...; set term !! ; CREATE TRIGGER ...
Visual Studio编译器无法识别。
重要的是SET TERM 不是 Firebird语句语法的一部分，而是在ISQL等查询工具中设置语句终止符的客户端function。 此终结器必须知道语句何时完成并可以发送到服务器。 默认情况下，这些工具在分号（ ; ）上执行此操作，但这不适用于PSQL（存储过程，触发器），因为PSQL代码也使用分号。 为解决此问题，这些工具具有SET TERM来切换此终结器。
但是，使用Firebird ADO.net提供程序，您需要一次执行一个语句，因此语句终止符是无关紧要的。
为了能够生成主键，您可以使用以下解决方案：
-
Firebird 3具有标识类型列，因此您无需创建序列并自行触发：
create table withgeneratedid( id integer generated by default as identity primary key, column2 varchar(100) ) -
对于Firebird 2.5及更早版本，您需要创建一个序列并触发：
create table withgeneratedid( id integer primary key, column2 varchar(100) ); create sequence seq_withgeneratedid; set term #; create trigger withgeneratedid_bi before insert on withgeneratedid as begin if (new.id is null) then new.id = next value for seq_withgeneratedid; end# set term ;#
将值插入表并希望生成密钥时，不应在列列表中包含id列。 包括id列允许您覆盖键值，但这可能导致将来插入生成重复键！ 如果确实包含id列，则Firebird 3示例中不会生成任何密钥，在Firebird 2.5示例中，如果列的值为null ，则将生成密钥，否则将采用提供的值。
在ADO.net中，您通常需要单独执行语句（而不是使用set term ）。 或者，您可以使用FbScript来解析DDL脚本并执行解析语句。 请注意， FbScript确实支持（甚至需要） set term 。
要使用Firebird ADO.net提供程序执行此操作，您可以执行类似下面的示例。 我已经包含了三个用于创建表Firebird3 ， Firebird2_5和FbScriptFB2_5 （与Firebird2_5相同但使用FbScript ）的FbScript 。 它还显示了如何检索生成的密钥：
namespace FbGeneratedKeys { class Program { private static SolutionType solutionType = SolutionType.FbScriptFB2_5; static void Main(string[] args) { var connectionString = new FbConnectionStringBuilder { Database = @"D:\temp\generatedkey.fdb", ServerType = FbServerType.Default, UserID = "SYSDBA", Password = "masterkey", }.ToString(); FbConnection.CreateDatabase(connectionString, pageSize: 8192, overwrite : true); using (FbConnection connection = new FbConnection(connectionString)) using (FbCommand cmd = new FbCommand()) { connection.Open(); cmd.Connection = connection; switch (solutionType) { case SolutionType.Firebird3: Firebird3Example(cmd); break; case SolutionType.Firebird2_5: Firebird2_5Example(cmd); break; case SolutionType.FbScriptFB2_5: FbScriptFB2_5Example(cmd); break; } cmd.CommandText = @"insert into withgeneratedid(column2) values (@column2) returning id"; cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@column2", "some value"); cmd.Parameters.Add(new FbParameter() { Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output }); cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); Console.WriteLine("Id:" + cmd.Parameters[1].Value); Console.ReadLine(); } } private static void Firebird3Example(FbCommand cmd) { // Firebird 3 identity column cmd.CommandText = @"create table withgeneratedid( id integer generated by default as identity primary key, column2 varchar(100) )"; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } private static void Firebird2_5Example(FbCommand cmd) { // Firebird 2.5 and earlier normal primary key with trigger to generate key // Table cmd.CommandText = @"create table withgeneratedid( id integer primary key, column2 varchar(100) )"; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); // Sequence cmd.CommandText = "create sequence seq_withgeneratedid"; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); // Trigger cmd.CommandText = @"create trigger withgeneratedid_bi before insert on withgeneratedid as begin if (new.id is null) then new.id = next value for seq_withgeneratedid; end"; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } private static void FbScriptFB2_5Example(FbCommand cmd) { string script = @" create table withgeneratedid( id integer primary key, column2 varchar(100) ); create sequence seq_withgeneratedid; set term #; create trigger withgeneratedid_bi before insert on withgeneratedid as begin if (new.id is null) then new.id = next value for seq_withgeneratedid; end# set term ;# "; FbScript fbScript = new FbScript(script); fbScript.Parse(); FbBatchExecution exec = new FbBatchExecution(cmd.Connection); exec.AppendSqlStatements(fbScript); exec.Execute(); } } enum SolutionType { Firebird3, Firebird2_5, FbScriptFB2_5 } }
定义：
public const string stMAIN_TABLE_NAME = " OrgTable "; public const string stDELETED_TABLE_NAME = " BackupTable "; public const string stFIELD_DEFINITIONS = " fstPriority VARCHAR(30)" + ", fstInfo VARCHAR(100)" + ", fstDateCreated VARCHAR(30)" + ", fstDateModified VARCHAR(30)" + ", fiKeyID INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY "; public const string stFIELD_NAMES = " fstPriority" + ", fstInfo" + ", fstDateCreated" + ", fstDateModified" + ", fiKeyID "; public const string stFIELD_NAMES_NO_KEY_ID = " fstPriority" + ", fstInfo" + ", fstDateCreated" + ", fstDateModified ";
码：
//------------------------------ static private bool boCreateDatabaseTables(string stPathFilename, string stUserID, string stPassword, List liststTableNames, List liststFieldDefinitions) { bool boErrorFlag = false; int iTablesCount = liststTableNames.Count(); string stOpenConn = new FbConnectionStringBuilder { Database = stPathFilename, UserID = stUserID, Password = stPassword, ServerType = FbServerType.Embedded, ClientLibrary = stCLIENT_LIBRARY }.ToString(); using (FbConnection fbConn = new FbConnection(stOpenConn)) { try { fbConn.Open(); FbTransaction fbTransaction = fbConn.BeginTransaction(); for (int ii = 0; ii < iTablesCount; ii++) { string stSql = "CREATE TABLE " + liststTableNames[ii] + "( " + liststFieldDefinitions[ii] + ")"; FbCommand fbCmd = new FbCommand(stSql, fbConn, fbTransaction); fbCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } fbTransaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception ex) { boErrorFlag = true; MessageBox.Show("catch ... GlobalsFirebird ... boCreateDatabaseTables ... " + ex.Message); } } return boErrorFlag; }//boCreateDatabaseTables //------------------------------ //------------------------------ static public bool boAddRow(string stPathFilename, string stUserID, string stPassword, string stTableName, string stFieldNamesNoKeyId, List liststFieldValuesNoKeyId) { bool boErrorFlag = false; string stOpenConn = new FbConnectionStringBuilder { Database = stPathFilename, UserID = stUserID, Password = stPassword, ServerType = FbServerType.Embedded, ClientLibrary = stCLIENT_LIBRARY }.ToString(); using(FbConnection fbConn = new FbConnection(stOpenConn)) { fbConn.Open(); try { string stValuesPlaceHolder = "@p0"; for (int iii = 1; iii < liststFieldValuesNoKeyId.Count; iii++) stValuesPlaceHolder += ", @p" + (iii).ToString(); FbTransaction fbTransaction = fbConn.BeginTransaction(); string stCmd = "INSERT INTO " + stTableName + "(" + stFieldNamesNoKeyId + ") VALUES ( " + stValuesPlaceHolder + " ) RETURNING fiKeyID "; FbCommand fbCmd = new FbCommand(stCmd, fbConn, fbTransaction); for (int iii = 0; iii < liststFieldValuesNoKeyId.Count; iii++) { string stPlaceHolder = "@p" + (iii).ToString(); string stValue = liststFieldValuesNoKeyId[iii]; fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(stPlaceHolder, stValue); } fbCmd.Parameters.Add(new FbParameter() { Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output }); fbCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); fbTransaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception ex) { boErrorFlag = true; MessageBox.Show("catch ... GlobalsFirebird ... boAddRow ... " + ex.Message); } } return boErrorFlag; }//boAddRow //------------------------------