变量在当前上下文中不存在?

我知道这很可能是一个愚蠢的问题,但我是一名大学生,他是C#和面向对象编程的新手。 我试图在别处找到答案,但我找不到任何有用的东西。 调试器一直告诉我变量’cust_num在当前上下文中不存在’。 如果有人能告诉我我做错了什么并让我觉得自己像个白痴,我会非常感激。 谢谢!

string get_cust_num() { bool cust_num_valid = false; while (!cust_num_valid) { cust_num_valid = true; Console.Write("Please enter customer number: "); string cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); if (cust_num == "000000" || !Regex.IsMatch(cust_num, @"^[0-9]+$") || cust_num.Length != 6) { cust_num_valid = false; Console.WriteLine("Invalid customer number detected. Customer numbers must be a 6 digit positive integer (zeros will not work)"); } } return cust_num; } 

C#中的每个变量都存在于由花括号定义的范围内

 { ... int x = 0; ... x = x + 1; // <- legal ... // <- x is defined up to here } x = x - 1; // <- illegal, providing there's no other "x" declared 

在您的情况下, cust_numwhile {...}限制。 如果cust_num_valid = true并且根本没有cust_num ,它必须考虑代码应该返回什么值。

  while (!cust_num_valid) { // <- Scope of cust_num begins cust_num_valid = true; Console.Write("Please enter customer number: "); string cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); if (cust_num == "000000" || !Regex.IsMatch(cust_num, @"^[0-9]+$") || cust_num.Length != 6) { cust_num_valid = false; Console.WriteLine("Invalid customer number detected. Customer numbers must be a 6 digit positive integer (zeros will not work)"); } } // <- Scope of cust_num ends return cust_num; // <- out of scope 

修复你的代码put string cust_num = ""; 在外面

  string cust_num = ""; // <- declaration while (!cust_num_valid) { cust_num_valid = true; Console.Write("Please enter customer number: "); cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); // <- no new declaration: "string" is removed if (cust_num == "000000" || !Regex.IsMatch(cust_num, @"^[0-9]+$") || cust_num.Length != 6) { cust_num_valid = false; Console.WriteLine("Invalid customer number detected. Customer numbers must be a 6 digit positive integer (zeros will not work)"); } } return cust_num; 

while之外定义它:

 string cust_num = null; while ... 

然后在里面设置它像这样:

 cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); 

因为你试图在while 之后访问它:

 return cust_num; 

您的return cust_num语句位于return cust_num的定义上下文cust_num 。 由于您在while循环中定义了它,因此它仅存在于该范围内。 你需要把它移出循环。

您定义的任何局部变量仅存在于封装它的大括号内(以及任何嵌套括号中)。

您试图将cust_num返回到定义它的while块的范围之外。 如果要返回它,则需要在while之外定义它,例如:

 string get_cust_num() { bool cust_num_valid = false; string cust_num = string.Empty; while (!cust_num_valid) { cust_num_valid = true; Console.Write("Please enter customer number: "); cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); if (cust_num == "000000" || !Regex.IsMatch(cust_num, @"^[0-9]+$") || cust_num.Length != 6) { cust_num_valid = false; Console.WriteLine("Invalid customer number detected. Customer numbers must be a 6 digit positive integer (zeros will not work)"); } } return cust_num; } 

当在代码块中定义变量时,它被限制在该范围内(当然从变量声明开始;在声明之前不能使用它)。 如果查看示例,变量在while块中定义,但在其外部使用。

 string get_cust_num() { while () { string cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); // cust_num scope starts here if () { } } // cust_num scope ends here return cust_num; } 

您需要在方法级别定义它以使用它:

 string get_cust_num() { string cust_num = Console.ReadLine(); // cust_num scope starts here while () { if () { } } return cust_num; } // cust_num scope ends here 

您似乎正在尝试返回cust_num的值。 为了返回cust_num的值,需要在while循环之外声明与“return”语句发生的位置相同的级别。

有关详细信息,请参阅此链接: http : //msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms973875.aspx