如何在c＃中绘制2d等高线图？
我主要对算法感兴趣，这使我可以将Point3D []转换为可绘制的gdi线？
感谢@Anders Gustafsson，我能够构建一些东西：
public partial class FunctionGraph : UserControl { private Rectangle _area = new Rectangle(-10, -10, 20, 20); private Func _func; public FunctionGraph() { SetStyle( ControlStyles.UserPaint | ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.DoubleBuffer | ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer | ControlStyles.ResizeRedraw, true); this.Padding.All=20; InitializeComponent(); } public Rectangle Area { get { return _area; } set { _area = value; Invalidate(); } } public Func Function { get { return _func; } set { _func = value; Invalidate(); } } public PointF GraphToClient(PointF p) { var xreal = this.ClientRectangle.Width - this.Padding.All * 2; var yreal = this.ClientRectangle.Height - this.Padding.All * 2; int n = (this.ClientRectangle.Width-this.Padding.All*2)/5; int m = (this.ClientRectangle.Height - this.Padding.All *2) / 5; return new PointF { X = this.Padding.All+pX/ (xreal / (n * 5)), Y = this.Padding.All + pY / (yreal / (m * 5)) }; } protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { var graphics = e.Graphics; if (_func != null && !DesignMode&& Enabled) { float min = Single.MaxValue; float max = Single.MinValue; int n = (this.ClientRectangle.Width-this.Padding.All*2)/5; int m = (this.ClientRectangle.Height - this.Padding.All *2) / 5; var pts = new Point3F[n,m]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { var xreal = this.ClientRectangle.Width - this.Padding.All * 2; var yreal = this.ClientRectangle.Height - this.Padding.All * 2; var pt=new Point3F(this.Padding.All+i * 5,this.Padding.All+ j * 5, _func((i * 5) * (xreal / (n * 5)), (j * 5) * (yreal / (m * 5)))); if (i == n-1) pt.X = this.ClientRectangle.Width - this.Padding.All; if(j==m-1) pt.Y = this.ClientRectangle.Height - this.Padding.All; pts[i, j] = pt; if (pts[i, j].Z > max) max = pts[i, j].Z; if (pts[i, j].Z < min) min = pts[i, j].Z; } } DrawContour(graphics, pts, min, max, 10); DrawColor(graphics, pts, min, max); var rect = this.ClientRectangle; rect.Inflate(-this.Padding.All+1,-this.Padding.All+1); ControlPaint.DrawBorder(graphics, rect, SystemColors.ControlDarkDark, ButtonBorderStyle.Dashed); int stepx = (this.ClientRectangle.Width - 2*this.Padding.All)/_area.Width; int stepy = (this.ClientRectangle.Height - 2 * this.Padding.All) / _area.Height; for (int i = _area.X; i < _area.Width; i++) { graphics.DrawString(i.ToString("0.0"),this.Font,Brushes.Black,this.Padding.All+(i-_area.X)*stepx,this.ClientRectangle.Height-this.Padding.All*0.75f); } using (var format = new StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.DirectionRightToLeft){Alignment = StringAlignment.Far}) { // graphics.TranslateTransform(this.ClientRectangle.Width,0); // graphics.RotateTransform(90); for (int i = _area.Y; i < _area.Height; i++) { graphics.DrawString(i.ToString("0.0"), this.Font, Brushes.Black, this.Padding.All*0.25f-this.Font.Size*0.5f , this.ClientRectangle.Height-this.Padding.All- (i-_area.Y) * stepy,format); } graphics.ResetTransform(); } } ControlPaint.DrawBorder(graphics, ClientRectangle, SystemColors.ActiveBorder, ButtonBorderStyle.Solid); base.OnPaint(e); } private struct Point3F { public float X { get; set; } public float Y { get; set; } public float Z { get; set; } public Point3F(float x,float y,float z) : this() { this.X = x; this.Y = y; this.Z = z; } } private static void DrawContour(Graphics g, Point3F[,] pts, float zmin, float zmax, int ncount) { using (var aPen = new Pen(Color.DimGray) {Width = 0.25f}) { var pta = new PointF[2]; var zlevels = new float[ncount]; for (int i = 0; i < ncount; i++) { zlevels[i] = zmin + i*(zmax - zmin)/(ncount - 1); } int i0, i1, i2, j0, j1, j2; float zratio = 1; // Draw contour on the XY plane: for (int i = 0; i < pts.GetLength(0) - 1; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < pts.GetLength(1) - 1; j++) { for (int k = 0; k < ncount; k++) { // Left triangle: i0 = i; j0 = j; i1 = i; j1 = j + 1; i2 = i + 1; j2 = j + 1; if ((zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z) && (zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z)) { zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i1, j1].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[0] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X, (1 - zratio)*pts[i0, j0].Y + zratio*pts[i1, j1].Y); zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i1, j1].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i1, j1].Z); pta[1] = new PointF((1 - zratio)*pts[i1, j1].X + zratio*pts[i2, j2].X, pts[i1, j1].Y); g.DrawLine(aPen, pta[0], pta[1]); } else if ((zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z) && (zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z)) { zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[0] = new PointF((1 - zratio)*pts[i0, j0].X + zratio*pts[i2, j2].X, (1 - zratio)*pts[i0, j0].Y + zratio*pts[i2, j2].Y); zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i1, j1].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i1, j1].Z); pta[1] = new PointF((1 - zratio)*pts[i1, j1].X + zratio*pts[i2, j2].X, pts[i1, j1].Y); g.DrawLine(aPen, pta[0], pta[1]); } else if ((zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z) && (zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z)) { zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i1, j1].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[0] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X, (1 - zratio)*pts[i0, j0].Y + zratio*pts[i1, j1].Y) ; zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[1] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].X*zratio, pts[i0, j0].Y*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].Y*zratio); g.DrawLine(aPen, pta[0], pta[1]); } // right triangle: i0 = i; j0 = j; i1 = i + 1; j1 = j; i2 = i + 1; j2 = j + 1; if ((zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z) && (zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z)) { zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i1, j1].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[0] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X*(1 - zratio) + pts[i1, j1].X*zratio, pts[i0, j0].Y); zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i1, j1].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i1, j1].Z); pta[1] = new PointF(pts[i1, j1].X, pts[i1, j1].Y*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].Y*zratio); g.DrawLine(aPen, pta[0], pta[1]); } else if ((zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z) && (zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z)) { zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[0] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].X*zratio, pts[i0, j0].Y*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].Y*zratio); zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i1, j1].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i1, j1].Z); pta[1] = new PointF(pts[i1, j1].X, pts[i1, j1].Y*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].Y*zratio); g.DrawLine(aPen, pta[0], pta[1]); } else if ((zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i1, j1].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i1, j1].Z) && (zlevels[k] >= pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] < pts[i2, j2].Z || zlevels[k] < pts[i0, j0].Z && zlevels[k] >= pts[i2, j2].Z)) { zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i1, j1].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[0] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X*(1 - zratio) + pts[i1, j1].X*zratio, pts[i0, j0].Y); zratio = (zlevels[k] - pts[i0, j0].Z)/(pts[i2, j2].Z - pts[i0, j0].Z); pta[1] = new PointF(pts[i0, j0].X*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].X*zratio, pts[i0, j0].Y*(1 - zratio) + pts[i2, j2].Y*zratio); g.DrawLine(aPen, pta[0], pta[1]); } } } } } } private static Color GetColor(float value, float maxValue, float minValue) { // Convert into a value between 0 and 1023. int int_value = (int) (1023*(value - maxValue)/(minValue - maxValue)); // Map different color bands. if (int_value < 256) { // Red to yellow. (255, 0, 0) to (255, 255, 0). return Color.FromArgb(255, int_value, 0); } else if (int_value < 512) { // Yellow to green. (255, 255, 0) to (0, 255, 0). int_value -= 256; return Color.FromArgb(255 - int_value, 255, 0); } else if (int_value < 768) { // Green to aqua. (0, 255, 0) to (0, 255, 255). int_value -= 512; return Color.FromArgb(0, 255, int_value); } else { // Aqua to blue. (0, 255, 255) to (0, 0, 255). int_value -= 768; return Color.FromArgb(0, 255 - int_value, 255); } } private static void DrawColor(Graphics g, Point3F[,] pts, float zmin, float zmax) { var pta = new PointF[4]; for (int i = 0; i < pts.GetLength(0) - 1; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < pts.GetLength(1) - 1; j++) { pta[0] = new PointF(pts[i, j].X, pts[i, j].Y); pta[1] = new PointF(pts[i, j + 1].X, pts[i, j + 1].Y); pta[2] = new PointF(pts[i + 1, j + 1].X, pts[i + 1, j + 1].Y); pta[3] = new PointF(pts[i + 1, j].X, pts[i + 1, j].Y); using (var aBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(200, GetColor(pts[i, j].Z, zmin, zmax)))) { g.FillPolygon(aBrush, pta); } } } } OpenTK库包含3Dfunction。 这是.NET的开源库; 您可以在http://www.opentk.com/doc/math找到更多信息 。
如果您对交互式图形或游戏感兴趣，请访问http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/centrum-xna.aspx查看XNA库（可用于编写Xbox 360和PC游戏）。
祝好运！