c＃inheritancegenerics集合和序列化
设置：
class Item { private int _value; public Item() { _value = 0; } public int Value { get { return _value; } set { _value = value; } } } class ItemCollection : Collection { private string _name; public ItemCollection() { _name = string.Empty; } public string Name { get {return _name;} set {_name = value;} } } 现在，尝试使用以下代码片段进行序列化：
ItemCollection items = new ItemCollection(); ... XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ItemCollection)); using (FileStream f = File.Create(fileName)) serializer.Serialize(f, items);
查看生成的XML后，我看到ItemCollection.Name值不存在！
我认为可能发生的事情是序列化程序将ItemCollection类型看作一个简单的Collection，因此忽略了任何其他添加的属性……
是否有人遇到过这样的问题并找到了解决方案？
问候，
Stécy
此行为是设计使然”。 从集合类派生时，Xml Seralizier将仅序列化集合元素。 要解决这个问题，您应该创建一个封装集合和名称的类，并将其序列化。
class Wrapper { private Collection- _items; private string _name; public Collection
- Items { get {return _items; } set { _items = value; } } public string Name { get { return _name; } set { _name = value; } } }
有关详细讨论，请访问： http ： //blogs.vertigo.com/personal/chris/Blog/archive/2008/02/01/xml-serializing-a-derived-collection.aspx
XmlSerializer是邪恶的。 也就是说，任何实现IEnumerable的对象都将被序列化为一个简单的集合，忽略您自己添加的任何额外属性。
您需要创建一个包含属性和返回集合的属性的新类。
我不确定我是否遗漏了某些东西，但是你想要得到的xml
name val -
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如果是这样，只需将XmlRoot属性应用于itemcollection类并设置元素名称…
[XmlRoot(ElementName="ItemCollection")] public class ItemCollection : Collection- { [XmlElement(ElementName="Name")] public string Name {get;set;} }
这将指示序列化程序为您的集合容器输出所需的名称。
您还可以尝试使用IXmlSerializable接口实现自己的序列化
public class ItemCollection : Collection- ,IXmlSerializable { private string _name; public ItemCollection() { _name = string.Empty; } public string Name { get { return _name; } set { _name = value; } } #region IXmlSerializable Members public System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema GetSchema() { return null; } public void ReadXml(System.Xml.XmlReader reader) { } public void WriteXml(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer) { writer.WriteElementString("name", _name); List
- coll = new List
- (this.Items); XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(coll.GetType()); serializer.Serialize(writer, coll); } #endregion }
上面的代码将生成序列化的xml为
-
1 -
2
public class Animals : List, IXmlSerializable { private static Type[] _animalTypes;//for IXmlSerializable public Animals() { _animalTypes = GetAnimalTypes().ToArray();//for IXmlSerializable } // this static make you access to the same Animals instance in any other class. private static Animals _animals = new Animals(); public static Animals animals { get {return _animals; } set { _animals = value; } } #region IXmlSerializable Members public System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema GetSchema() { return null; } public void ReadXml(System.Xml.XmlReader reader) { bool wasEmpty = reader.IsEmptyElement; reader.Read(); if (wasEmpty) return; reader.MoveToContent(); reader.ReadStartElement("Animals"); // you MUST deserialize with 'List ', if Animals class has no 'List ' fields but has been derived from 'List '. List coll = GenericSerializer.Deserialize>(reader, _animalTypes); // And then, You can set 'Animals' to 'List '. _animals.AddRange(coll); reader.ReadEndElement(); //Read Closing Element reader.ReadEndElement(); } public void WriteXml(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer) { writer.WriteStartElement("Animals"); // You change 'List ' to 'Animals' at first. List coll = new List (_animals); // And then, You can serialize 'Animals' with 'List '. GenericSerializer.Serialize>(coll, writer, _animalTypes); writer.WriteEndElement(); } #endregion public static List GetAnimalTypes() { List types = new List (); Assembly asm = typeof(Animals).Assembly; Type tAnimal = typeof(Animal); //Query our types. We could also load any other assemblies and //query them for any types that inherit from Animal foreach (Type currType in asm.GetTypes()) { if (!currType.IsAbstract && !currType.IsInterface && tAnimal.IsAssignableFrom(currType)) types.Add(currType); } return types; } }